Thứ Tư, 14 tháng 7, 2010

Ben Tre- Land of Coconut

Exclusively, Ben Tre is very well-known as the land of coconut, 86 km far away from Ho Chi Minh City. With the coverage of more than 40000 hectares and a wide range of coconut species. Waterway travel is an attraction of this destination.






Toursist boat awaiting to carrying visitors


Discovering endless coconuts forests on a small boat

Or by a canoe


A boat fully loaded with coconuts



Ben Tre charming girl




Walking along fruit gardens





Floating villages on Tien River







Local life style








Making Rice paper cake
















Rice paper cake is a specialty of Ben Tre
ODC ’s editor

BEN TRE PROVINCE, SOUTH VIETNAM

Area: 2,360.2 sq. kmPopulation: 1,353.3 habitants (2006)Capital: Ben Tre TownDistricts: Chau Thanh, Cho Lach, Mo Cay, Giong Trom, Binh Dai, Ba Tri, Thanh Phu.
Ben Tre province officila website
Map of Ben Tre

Geography
Ben Tre is situated in Mekong Delta. It shares its border with Tien Giang in the north, Vinh Long in the west and south - west, and Tra Vinh in the south. It has 60km seashore. The four main rivers are Tien Giang, Ba Lai, Ham Luong, and Co Chien. They create Bao Minh, and An Hoa islets. The topography is flat with sand dunes and fields. Though rivers surrounding the province, water transportation is very available.Climate: It is moon soon climate. The rainy season lasts from May to October. The dry season lasts from December to April next year. The annual average temperature varies between 26 and 27ºC. The annual average rainfall is 1,250mm - 1,500mm
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Tourism
Having complex network of rivers and canals, Ben Tre has advantage to develop ecotourism with many green fruit gardens. Ben Tre is the granary of Mekong Delta. There are agriculture productions such as rice, corn, pineapple, custard-apple, star apple, durian, mango, longan, and many more. Industrial trees are tobacco, sugar-cane, and cotton. Especially, Ben Tre is homeland of coconut. It is known with Ben Tre coconut candy, My Long Cai Mon flower and ornamental plant.Ben Tre is well known as poet Nguyen Dinh Chieu's motherland. Other popular places are My Hoa Bird Reserve, Con Phung (Hillock of the Coconut Religion), Vam Ho Bird Sanctuary, Vien Minh Pagoda.
Hotels in Ben Tre
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Festivals
in December
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Tourist attractions
Con Phung
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Ethnic groups
Viet (Kinh), Khmer, Hoa, Tay
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Transportation
Ben Tre is 14km from Mytho, and 85km from Ho Chi Minh City. National Highway No. 60 and 57 link to Tra Vinh and Tien Giang provinces in turn.Ben Tre is considered as island province accessible by ferry from Mytho. Tourist can visit Ben Tre by high-speech ship for 5 people
Source: Vietnam Nation Administration of Tourism
(http://www.vietnamtravels.vn/Vietnam-travel-information/Ben-Tre.htm)

Halong Bay...you get what you pay for







































After a fabulous trip to Sapa, we went a bit cheap on our Halong Bay trip and it showed. I guess you get what you pay for here in Vietnam. It started with a long minibus ride from Hanoi to Halong City. Its only 160km, but took us over 4 hours to make the trip. It can be difficult to get around here in Vietnam due to the mind-boggling number of motorbikes, mopeds, and scooters that line the streets. Add to that the fact that we're in the middle of the Tet holiday and it'll take over 4 hours to go 160km. More on the traffic in a later blog.


















CJ and I didn't even have real seats for the journey, just the fold down type in the middle of the aisle. We arrived in Halong City and about 50 of us piled onto the boat that was supposed to hold 16 max. We weren't sure how everyone was going to get a cabin to sleep in, but we weren't worrying about it just yet. We had to make a french couple move over so we could fit at the table for lunch as we set out to check out Halong Bay.Halong Bay is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Not only is it aesthetically spectacular with over 3000 islands, but its also culturally interesting as there are hundreds and perhaps thousands of Vietnamese living on the waters of Halong Bay. They make a living by fishing and selling things to tourists. Most have aquaculture pens surrounding their homes, which are literally on the water. Pretty crazy place to live, and just about each home came with a guard dog.





Our first stop in the Bay was a huge cave on one of the islands. I don't know much more about the cave as our tour guide wasn't much help. CJ and I felt that the cave may have been used as human habitation hundreds or maybe even thousands of years ago, but our tour guide said it had only been discovered in 1989. Don't think we believe that, but we stopped asking questions after that response. Maybe that's what he was hoping for.After the cave we headed further into the islands towards Cat Ba Island. We were meant to sleep on the boat the first night, but as there were too many of us, we slept on Cat Ba Island the first night. Cat Ba Island is surprisingly large for being so far out in Halong Bay. There are many hotels, restaurants and karaoke bars lining the streets. We had dinner at the hotel and took a stroll down the main street. The local delicacy appeared to be some sort of gecko wine. Literally dead nearly footlong gecko's crammed into bottles of "wine". As tempting as that sounds, we didn't try any.After breakfast the next morning, we went hiking in the Cat Ba Island National Park. At the top of the mountain there were great views of the surrounding islands. It was a cool day and a bit foggy, which gave the islands a mystic aura. After hiking we had lunch and took a nap before heading back to the boat for a kayaking expedition. For being a World Heritage Site, the waters in Halong Bay are not pristine. Probably due to the large number of inhabitants on the water and tour boats in the area. We kayaked around for about 45 minutes, checking out the islands up close and making the dogs bark at us. As we headed back toward Cat Ba Island we made a quick stop at Monkey Island for some folks to have a look at a monkey or two. We refrained. We then went back to Cat Ba Island to settle in for the night.As I mentioned there were more people than the boat could handle so during the previous day our tour guide and other tour guides were making up stories to try to get people to stay at the hotel instead of on the boat. Stories ranged from a large storm brewing, to rats on the boat, possibly sinking boats, and horrible food. Some of the stories must have worked because come bedtime, there were 16 people on the boat and everyone had a pillow.














Our first stop in the Bay was a huge cave on one of the islands. I don't know much more about the cave as our tour guide wasn't much help. CJ and I felt that the cave may have been used as human habitation hundreds or maybe even thousands of years ago, but our tour guide said it had only been discovered in 1989. Don't think we believe that, but we stopped asking questions after that response. Maybe that's what he was hoping for.After the cave we headed further into the islands towards Cat Ba Island. We were meant to sleep on the boat the first night, but as there were too many of us, we slept on Cat Ba Island the first night. Cat Ba Island is surprisingly large for being so far out in Halong Bay. There are many hotels, restaurants and karaoke bars lining the streets. We had dinner at the hotel and took a stroll down the main street. The local delicacy appeared to be some sort of gecko wine. Literally dead nearly footlong gecko's crammed into bottles of "wine". As tempting as that sounds, we didn't try any.After breakfast the next morning, we went hiking in the Cat Ba Island National Park. At the top of the mountain there were great views of the surrounding islands. It was a cool day and a bit foggy, which gave the islands a mystic aura. After hiking we had lunch and took a nap before heading back to the boat for a kayaking expedition. For being a World Heritage Site, the waters in Halong Bay are not pristine. Probably due to the large number of inhabitants on the water and tour boats in the area. We kayaked around for about 45 minutes, checking out the islands up close and making the dogs bark at us. As we headed back toward Cat Ba Island we made a quick stop at Monkey Island for some folks to have a look at a monkey or two. We refrained. We then went back to Cat Ba Island to settle in for the night.As I mentioned there were more people than the boat could handle so during the previous day our tour guide and other tour guides were making up stories to try to get people to stay at the hotel instead of on the boat. Stories ranged from a large storm brewing, to rats on the boat, possibly sinking boats, and horrible food. Some of the stories must have worked because come bedtime, there were 16 people on the boat and everyone had a pillow.





The next morning we headed back to Halong City, waited around for an hour before eating lunch and hopping back on the minibus for Hanoi. On the way back we were one seat short so I ended up sitting up front between the driver and passenger seat on a cushion. Quite comfy, but I would've done a mighty superman impression had the brakes been needed in a hurry. Saw a cockfight on the side of the road during our pitstop.Once back in Hanoi we had 2 hours to collect our things, get cleaned up, get our train tix and get to the train station in time for our 7pm train from Hanoi to Hue. And the journey continues...photos finally up

















http://120daysoff.blogspot.com/2007/02/halong-bayyou-get-what-you-pay-for.html


GENDER AND WATER

Gender refers to the different roles, rights, and responsibilities of men and women and the relations between them. Gender does not simply refer to women or men, but to the way their qualities, behaviours, and identities are determined through the process of socialization.Gender is generally associated with unequal power and access to choices and resources. The different positions of women and men are influenced by historical, religious, economic and cultural realities. These relations and responsibilities can and do change over time.
It has become increasingly accepted that women should play an important role in water management and that this role could be enhanced through the strategy of gender mainstreaming.
The importance of involving both women and men in the management of water and sanitation has been recognized at the global level, starting from the 1977 United Nations Water Conference at Mar del Plata, the International Drinking Water and Sanitation Decade (1981-90) and the International Conference on Water and the Environment in Dublin (January 1992), which explicitly recognizes the central role of women in the provision, management and safeguarding of water. Reference is also made to the involvement of women in water management in Agenda 21 (chapter 18) and the Johannesburg Plan of Implementation. Moreover, the resolution establishing the International Decade for Action, 'Water for Life' (2005-2015), calls for women's participation and involvement in water-related development efforts.
The differences and inequalities between women and men influence how individuals respond to changes in water resources management. Understanding gender roles, relations, and inequalities can help explain the choices people make and their different options. Involving both women and men in integrated water resources initiatives can increase project effectiveness and efficiency.
Without specific attention to gender issues and initiatives, projects can reinforce inequalities between women and men and even increase gender disparities.
Sources:
Resource guide: Mainstreaming gender in water. UNDP, 2006
Gender, water and sanitation. Policy brief. Interagency Task Force on Gender and Water, 2006
Gender, Water and the MDGs
Reduced time, health, and care-giving burdens from improved water services give women more time for productive endeavours, adult education, empowerment activities, leisure
Convenient access to water and sanitation facilities increase privacy and reduce risk to women and girls of sexual harassment/assault while gathering water
. Higher rates of child survival are a precursor to the demographic transition to lower fertility rates; having fewer children reduces women's household responsibilities and increases their opportunities for personal development.
Source: Health, Dignity and Development: What will it take? Millennium Project Task Force on Water and Sanitation, 2005.
What is "gender mainstreaming"?
Gender mainstreaming is the process of assessing the implications for women and men of any planned action, including legislation, policies or programmes, in all areas and at all levels. It is a strategy for making women's as well as men's concerns and experiences an integral dimension of the design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of policies and programmes in all spheres so that women and men benefit equally.
Source: Resource guide: Mainstreaming gender in water. UNDP, 2006
Did you know?
Fetching water is part of the gender inequality
In rural Benin, girls ages 6-14 spend an average of one hour a day collecting water compared with 25 minutes for their brothers.
In Malawi, there are large variations in the amount of time allocated for water collection based on seasonal factors, but women consistently spend four to five times longer than men on this task.
Source: Human Development Report 2006. Beyond scarcity: Power, poverty and the global water crisis. UNDP, 2006.
UN initiatives that are helping to raise the issue...
UN-Water Task Force on Gender and Water At the start of the International Year of Freshwater in 2003, the Interagency Network on Women and Gender Equality (IANWGE) established an Inter-agency Gender and Water Task Force. The United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UNDESA) was invited to serve as Task Manager and a few non-UN entities were welcomed to participate on the Task Force. In 2004, the Task Force became one of UN-Water Task Forces and was requested to take responsibility for the gender component of the International Water for Life Decade, 2005-2015. (http://www.un.org/waterforlifedecade/gender.html)

FINANCING WATER

Increasing people's access to sanitation and drinking-water brings large benefits to the development of individual countries through improvements in health outcomes and the economy.
The impact of diarrhoeal disease on children is greater than the combined impact of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS), tuberculosis and malaria; we also know that the provision of improved sanitation and drinking-water could reduce diarrhoeal diseases by nearly 90%. Latest estimates indicate that improvements in sanitation and drinking-water could reduce the number of children who die each year by 2.2 million. Huge savings in health-care costs and gains in productive days can therefore be realized by improving access to safe water and basic sanitation.
Despite these clear benefits for human development, many countries seem to allocate insufficient resources to meet the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) target for sanitation and drinking-water. When compared with other sectors, particularly the other major social sectors of education and health, sanitation and drinking-water receive a relatively low priority for both official development assistance (ODA) and domestic allocations.
Trends in aid for water and sanitation, education, and health/population/HIV/AIDS,as a percentage of total ODA commitments, 1995-2008
Historical data show that sanitation and drinking-water enjoyed more than 8% of total ODA in 1997. At that time, other social infrastructure sectors, such as health, education, population and reproductive health, received lower proportions of aid compared with sanitation and drinking-water. During the 11 years since 1997, however, the proportion of development aid allocated to sanitation and drinking-water fell from 8% to 5%, while development aid allocated to health increased from 7% to 11.5% and that for education remained steady at around 7%.
Source:
UN-Water Global Annual Assessment of Sanitation and Drinking Water (GLAAS) 2010. Targeting resources for better results. WHO, 2010
The benefits of investing in water and sanitation
The economic benefits of investing in drinking-water and sanitation come in several forms:
health-care savings by health agencies and individuals;
productive days gained per year (for those 15-59 years of age) and increased school attendance;
time savings (working days gained) resulting from more convenient access to services;
value of deaths averted (based on future earnings).
Source:
Evaluation of the Costs and Benefits of Water and Sanitation Improvements at the Global Level. WHO, 2004
Sanitation: the forgotten sister
Sanitation has been severely neglected. Estimates of the cost of achieving the 2015 Millennium Development Goal target for sanitation vary widely, due to differences in approach and a weak information base. The World Health Organization estimates the total annual cost of meeting the target at just over $9.5 billion. If estimates of current costs are correct, resources in the sanitation sector would have to be almost doubled to meet the 2015 target (although estimates of current spending probably underestimate the contributions by households to their own sanitation services). If the full cost of tertiary wastewater treatment for waste streams in urban areas is added, the total rises to $100 billion, the current value of total annual official development assistance (ODA).
In 2008, financing for sanitation comprised 37% of total aid funding for sanitation and drinking-water.
Sources:
3rd United Nations World Water Development Report: Water in a Changing World. Chapter 4. WWAP, 2009
UN-Water Global Annual Assessment of Sanitation and Drinking Water (GLAAS) 2010
Did you know?
Achieving the water and sanitation MDG target could bring economic benefits, ranging from US$ 3 to US$ 34 per US$ 1 invested, depending on the region
Additional improvement of drinking-water quality (e.g. point-of-use treatment), if sustained, could lead to a benefit t ranging from US$ 5 to US$ 60 per US$ 1 invested (http://www.un.org/waterforlifedecade/financing.html)

TRANSBOUNDARY WATERS

Fierce national competition over water resources has prompted fears that water issues contain the seeds of violent conflict. If all the world's peoples work together, a secure and sustainable water future can be ours."Kofi Annan, former UN Secretary General.
As water quality degrades or the quantity available has to meet rising demands over time, competition among water users intensifies. This is nowhere more destabilizing than in river basins that cross political boundaries. But experience shows that in many situations, rather than causing open conflict, the need for water sharing can generate unexpected cooperation.
Despite the complexity of the problems, records show that water disputes can be handled diplomatically. The last 50 years have seen only 37 acute disputes involving violence, compared to 150 treaties that have been signed. Nations value these agreements because they make international relations over water more stable and predictable. In fact, the history of international water treaties dates as far back as 2500 BC, when the two Sumerian city-states of Lagash and Umma crafted an agreement ending a water dispute along the Tigris River - often said to be the first treaty of any kind. Since then, a large body of water treaties has emerged. According to the Food and Agricultural Organization, more than 3,600 treaties related to international water resources have been drawn up since 805 AD. The majority of these deal with navigation and boundary demarcation. The focus of negotiation and treaty-making in the last century has shifted away from navigation towards the use, development, protection and conservation of water resources.

Legal agreements on water sharing have been negotiated and maintained even as conflicts have persisted over other issues. Cambodia, Laos, Thailand and Vietnam, have been able to cooperate since 1957 within the framework of the Mekong River Commission, and they had technical exchanges throughout the Vietnam War. Since 1955 Israel and Jordan, have held regular talks on the sharing of the Jordan River, even as they were until recently in a legal state of war. The Indus River Commission survived two wars between India and Pakistan. A framework for the Nile River Basin, home to 160 million people and shared among 10 countries, was agreed in February 1999 in order to fight poverty and spur economic development in the region by promoting equitable use of, and benefits from, common water resources. The nine Niger River Basin countries have agreed on a framework for a similar partnership. These cases reflect two important elements of international water resources cooperation: the need for an institution to effectively develop a process of engagement over time; and well-funded third-party support trusted by all factions.
The more than 3,600 agreements and treaties signed are an achievement in themselves, but a closer look at them still reveals significant weaknesses. What is needed are workable monitoring provisions, enforcement mechanisms, and specific water allocation provisions that address variations in water flow and changing needs. The 1997 United Nations Convention on Non-Navigational Uses of International Watercourses is one international instrument that specifically focuses on shared water resources. It established two key principles to guide the conduct of nations regarding shared watercourses: "equitable and reasonable use" and "the obligation not to cause significant harm" to neighbours. However, it is up to countries themselves to spell out precisely what these terms mean in their watersheds.
There is a consensus among experts that international watercourse agreements need to be more concrete, setting out measures to enforce treaties made and incorporating detailed conflict resolution mechanisms in case disputes erupt. Better cooperation also entails identifying clear yet flexible water allocations and water quality standards, taking into account hydrological events, changing basin dynamics and societal values.
Sources:
Water Without Borders. Backgrounder. United Nations Department of Public Information, 2004
Human Development Report 2006. Beyond scarcity: Power, poverty and the global water crisis. Chapter 6. UNDP, 2006.
Did you know?
The world's 263 transboundary lake and river basins cover nearly half of the Earth's land surface.
A total of 145 nations include territory within international basins, and 21 countries lie entirely within international basins.
While most basins are shared between just two countries, there are many basins where this number is much higher. There are 13 basins worldwide that are shared between 5 and 8 riparian nations. Five basins, the Congo, Niger, Nile, Rhine and Zambezi, are shared between 9 and 11 countries. The river that flows through the most nations is the Danube, which travels within the territory of 18 nations.
UN initiatives that are helping to raise the issue...
World Water Day 2009: Shared Waters, Shared Opportunities World Water Day 2009 was dedicated to the theme "Shared Waters, Shared Opportunities". The focus was placed on transboundary waters and on the fact that nurturing the opportunities for cooperation in transboundary water management can help build mutual respect, understanding and trust among countries and promote peace, security and sustainable economic growth.
UN-Water Task Force on Transboundary Waters The UN-Water Task Force on Transboundary Waters is intended to provide a platform to promote coherence and coordination of activities by UN-Water members and partners in the area of transboundary waters. It does this by facilitating a steady exchange of information, experiences and lessons learned and by promoting joint efforts. (http://www.un.org/waterforlifedecade/transboundary_waters.html)

the car with Sandrine and Magdala, two of our talented trainers in Comfort for Kids, our program designed to teach adults ways to help address the po

the car with Sandrine and Magdala, two of our talented trainers in Comfort for Kids, our program designed to teach adults ways to help address the post-earthquake psychosocial needs of children. We’re on our way to the Delmas neighborhood of Port-au-Prince. I haven’t been to this part of the city yet. It’s a kind of commercial area near the airport, with lots of businesses along the road. As we get further in the neighborhood, the earthquake damage is staggering. Buildings with floors stacked on stop of each other like pancakes. Massive piles of rubble.
We pull up in front of the school, College Alexandre Claubert. Sandrine and Magdala have never been here before.
A group photo of the teachers who participated in the Comfort for Kids training at College Alexandre Claubert. Now they can better help their students cope with their reactions and feelings around the earthquake and recover from their experiences. Photo: Lisa Hoashi/Mercy Corps
I go outside into the street to take pictures while they wait for the teachers to arrive. I can’t believe how hard this neighborhood was hit. Outside I see kids goofing around in their uniforms, some boys pegging each other with little pieces of rubble which leave poofs of white dust on their blue uniforms where they hit. They are scrambling around, laughing.
When I get back to the classroom, there are now 20 teachers who have arrived. They are all teachers at this school, mainly men. I won’t be able to understand the training because it’s in Creole so Sandrine puts me at the front of the class on a chair so she can whisper to me what’s happening. I take notes, which follow…
Introductions. Many of the teachers are also students themselves, young between 20-30. Some study journalism, psychology, accounting. They stand up when introducing themselves.
The classroom: Cement block walls with open windows and grates over them. Linoleum floor, desks wooden with benches. Some are stamped “Unicef.” Son of the director is sitting quietly in the next classroom over, he’s 3 or 4 and so well behaved. Most of the teacher wear polos and sneakers. Dress shoes and slacks. No lightbulb in the ceiling.
Sandrine starts off talking about what an earthquake is. If they had information about it before. How it changed their life.
She asks, How did it change your life? How did it feel?
One man says it made him very sad and very angry. He’s wearing a white pressed shirt and tie, very tall and thin, and when he talked I sensed real bravery in what he was saying.
Another, who was the one who said he studied psychology, said he tried to use what he knew to help others in his neighborhood cope with their feelings after the earthquake.
Magdala reviews the four pillars of security: environment, home, culture, routine. How important they are for everyone, as well as children to have. How with the earthquake they have lost a lot of them and how kids are vulnerable and how we can help them.
Class is seminar style, like a college class. With Sandrine and Magdala lecturing, with breaks in discussion, trading ideas, laughing, coming back to curriculum. Everyone is contributing a lot to the discussion. Sandrine says it’s common, because the information is so new to them.
They are learning how to help others deal with their feelings even when the earthquake is equally as fresh for them.
My own feelings — sadness, empathy. And grateful for the dignity of these trainings, which allow people to talk about their feelings in a supportive environment. Not sure if they have the opportunity elsewhere. I am so glad Mercy Corps is providing these trainings — I see how important they are.
They discuss how the earthquake affected their own lives, how to react in future earthquakes. How to take care of their own children in an earthquake. How to protect them. Then they discuss each age group’s special needs. 0-3, 4-7, 8-12, 13-18. And there are differences between boys and girls.
Then each person is given a slip of paper that has a real comment from a child on it (Mercy Corps collected these) and using what they just learned, they will share with the class what each would say or do with each child. They discuss it in their rows of three.
Some didn’t talk as much as others during the class but when it comes time to present they all speak clearly and confidently with emphasis and pauses.
I think about my own feelings during 9/11. There was that time when I had to catch a flight and there was an anthrax scare in our building and we weren’t allowed to leave. I had to go but I was afraid to set out on my own among so many strangers. It can be frightening to be in a huge city in an emergency.
Sandrine says that one of the sample questions from children was whether the earthquake was a punishment from God. She says that about half of the teachers said they would say, “Yes.” She advised them that it was better to say to younger children that it was from natural causes, because they may have different religious beliefs than the teacher — there are many different religions in Haiti. But if a child is older, then the teacher could ask what they thought, and discuss their beliefs together.
Afterward, a chat with Wilson, an English teacher. He teaches 12-16 year olds. He says: “The information was very helpful. I learned ways that I can respond to the children now. Since the earthquake they have had strange behavior. When you speak to them, they get very nervous, shy. Now I will give them more time to speak or to get quiet when I ask them to.”
On the way back to the office, we slow in the traffic in Delmas. Sandrine looks past me out the window. She’s looking at a tall wall rising up next to the road where men are propping up mattresses to sell. She says, “Behind there was one of the biggest grocery stores in Port-au-Prince. It completely collapsed in the earthquake. Only four were saved. From cars in the parking lot they estimated 300 people were inside.”
Everywhere there are reminders like these.

Country: Haiti
Topics: Youth, Health, Emergencies, Education, Displacement, Children